Hormone Replacement Therapy remains the most effective available treatment for managing the core Menopausal Symptoms, particularly the debilitating vasomotor symptoms (VMS), such as hot flashes and night sweats. Clinical data consistently demonstrate that appropriate HRT regimens can reduce the frequency and severity of VMS by up to $90\%$, often within the first month of initiation, significantly improving sleep quality and overall physical comfort.

The therapy is also highly effective in treating urogenital atrophy (now Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause or GSM), which causes vaginal dryness, painful intercourse, and urinary symptoms. Furthermore, estrogen has demonstrated positive effects on psychological well-being, including stabilizing mood swings and reducing anxiety and depression related to the hormonal fluctuations of menopause. Current guidelines encourage initiation of HRT for symptomatic women under age 60 or within 10 years of their final menstrual period, where the benefits for symptom relief and bone preservation clearly outweigh the minimal absolute risks.

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